INTRODUCTION
Negritos was the first tribe of communities of India introduced before 60,000 years. They were migrated from Africa to Andaman. Till the 18th century they were located in Andaman and Nicobar Island. They are from their Individual Communities which include Jarawas, onges,sentelenese and Great Andaman tribes. Onges is the only tribes who were living from past 60,000 years. Each tribal community have their own civilisation. There are some other tribal communities present in India. They are all present in North part of India.
In the
tribal communities of India have their unique
identities, which was categorized by the term “Adivasi”
Language
In India,
after the downturn
of Indus valley
civilization various tribes
came across all over India.
Many tribes migrating
from one territory to another territory
but only the tribal people of Andaman
Islands persisted more than 25,000
years ago. Tribes
In this
modern world 700 communities of tribes are present in India, who are represented as scheduled tribes. Tribes
knows multilingual language around 100 distinct languages. Tribes is the only community
who does not follow and not believe
in religion, caste,
and deity. Many tribal people
worship and believe
their deity in the way of nature and ancestors’ spirits.
They follow their ethics and tradition ingrained over a prolong duration. They have a strong connection with nature, mountain, rivers, trees, sun, moon and animals. Some of tribal
people believe entire
universe as a god.
MEDICINE
Tribal people will use the traditional medicines originating from natural foundations for instance willow bark, sweet grass, cinchona bark, goldenseal, yerba Santa, echinacea, and so on. These remedies are based on the knowledge passed down through generations. Furthermore, via plants, herbs and animal products, leaves, fruits, seeds as well as spiritual or ritualistic attributes. For headache the tribal peoples make a use of dry ginger or sandal wood paste. In case of eye problems, they might opt for fruit juice in the manner of eye drops. Along with ginger, garlic & onion juices are offered to drink. Animal based treatments such as honey and bee products are used for wound and infection treatment. Nobody trained them and the information regarding the effectiveness,qualities and uses of natural goods is not found in literature.
FOOD
Food is a cornerstone of human survival and embodiment of culture notably in tribal communities worldwide. Native American tribes in North America have a affinity to the land and a remarkable understanding of agriculture using “Three sisters” crops namely corn, beans & squash to encourage development. They also rely on hunting and gathering to obtain food like plains tribes, the Ojibwe and the Great lakes tribes. They consume fruits, millets and tuberous food like elephant yams, which plays a significant role. Trial communities also partakes of fish, crabs and snails abundant in water resources. Beef, spices and honey are also a part of their diet .During summer,cereals and mushrooms are consumed, while potatoes and yams are opted in winter. Adivasi’s ,a group of people who primarily rely on locally available resources, consume boiler food such as rice, pulses, herbs and meal. The consistent food habits significantly reduce the incidence of serious diseases.
WAY OF SURVIVING
Tribal communities have developed unique survival strategies that rely on deep connections with natural and traditions passed down through generations. These techniques embrace foraging and hunting, agriculture, animal husbandry, nomadic lifestyles, traditional knowledge, trade, and bartering,herbal medicine and healing, craftsmanship ,tool making, community and cooperative living. Indian tribal communities have developed various techniques to survive and thrive in challenging environments. In desert regions of rajasthan, the bhill tribe has adapted by conserving water meticulously. They construct underground storage tanks, labelled as “Tankas”, which gather rainwater during monsoon months ensuring consistent water supply year-round.
CURRENT AFFAIRS ON JARAWAS
Jarawas situated in Andaman & Nicobar island since 60,000 years who are surviving for their livelihood. Jarawas head BO tribe who was the last speaker of their generations who had a contact with Andaman administration ,he is the only tribe who influence with society members. He departed his life 4 years ago, after a rapid loss of last speaker of tribes ,the government of Andaman administration loss the contact of tribes because of language distinction. Now Jarawas are last indigenous tribes present in Andaman who are currently isolated in the mainstream society and government can’t able to communicate with them. In recent evaluation government approximated around 250 to 450 jarawa people still living in Andaman Island.
FREEDOM FIGHTER IN THE INDIAN
independence struggle
During the liberation movement the only first Indian tribe BIRSA MUNDA a primitive tribe who was associated to a munda tribe which is found in Jharkhand. He was the pivotal central leader who lead the freedom movement in the Bihar and Jharkhand.
During this movement Birsa Munda was arrested by the British civilians in the young age of 25, he was in the prison till his last breath and he was died in 1900 at Ranchi prison in Jharkhand and he was commemorated by the Indian government.
Birsa Munda was the only tribal freedom fighter whose depiction is displayed on the central hall of Indian Parliament.
sentinelese
In modern world, there are lots of inhabitual people living in small north sentinel island who don’t know the social development and ecosystem even not interacting with tribal community people. For the first time on 4th January 1991 the director of tribal welfare shri S.A.Awaradi who took a contact with sentinelese with a administration team where they do ecofriendly contact with them , latter the tribal community of Sentinelese accepted the communication with the government which was the last ever contact with the Sentinelese.
Sentinelese are the only tribal people who hunt humans for their survival. No general public or government administration are allowed to go in small north sentinel island in recent times an American evangelical Christian missionary Mr.John allen chau was killed by the sentinels because without their permit and entered in there island. He was attacked by the sentinels with arrow and bow; after killing him they were tied a rope around his neck and his dead body was thrown on the Indian Ocean.
Nicobarese tribes
This is the only tribes who have social equality and unity of members during the tsunami period in 2004 , it was a major turning point where Nicobarese tribes lost all their properties and they get a major environmental damage by which the government take an immediate action through which Nicobarese people get benefited , now they equal their respect and gender equality in modern world nicobarese people get benefited by getting government job , they have their own indigineous cultures and the traditional point.
Conclusion
According to report in 2030 India is a home to array the tribal community, their cultural system and their preserved technology plays a vital role in the modern technology system. All the tribes are getting benefiting by the government of India through paying pensions with a short income and free education through which tribal community people move forward to a social well-developed organisation.
Author Bios :
1. Mr. P Neelakandan, Assistant professor of chemistry
2. Mr.R. Gowthaman, Assistant professor of English
3. B. Rithiga, I Year AI&DS - B
4. Shakthi, I Year AI&DS - B
Comments
Post a Comment